What is the primary risk associated with phlebotomy procedures?

The primary risk associated with phlebotomy procedures is the potential for infection at the puncture site. When the skin is punctured to obtain a blood sample, there is an inherent risk of bacteria entering the bloodstream, which can lead to local infections or, in more severe cases, systemic infections. This risk emphasizes the importance of maintaining sterile techniques throughout the procedure, including the use of proper antiseptics and equipment, to minimize the chance of introducing pathogens at the puncture site.

While excessive bleeding, allergic reactions, and bruising can occur during phlebotomy procedures, they are generally considered less risky on a broader scale. Excessive bleeding might happen in patients with clotting disorders, allergic reactions to antiseptics can be managed with alternative substances, and bruising is a common side effect due to the nature of venipuncture. However, the risk of infection poses a more significant long-term health concern, especially in vulnerable populations, making it the primary risk that phlebotomy technicians need to be vigilant about.